1.1 Aerospace Aeronautical Engineering ACTIVE Aerodynamics ACTIVE Computational Aerodynamics/Fluid Dynamics ACTIVE Experimental Aerodynamics/Fluid Dynamics, Wind Tunnels ACTIVE Aerodynamics of Airfoils, Rotors, Propellers ACTIVE Transonic, Supersonic Aerodynamics ACTIVE Structural Mechanics and Dynamics ACTIVE Computational solid and Structural Mechanics ACTIVE Aircraft Structure and Materials ACTIVE Acoustics, Vibration, Oscillation, Damping ACTIVE Elasticity, Torsion, Bending and Shearing, Buckling ACTIVE Fracture Mechanics, Fatigue and Failure of Components ACTIVE Flight Dynamics and Control ACTIVE Aircraft Stability and Control ACTIVE Astrodynamics, Orbit Determination and Transfer ACTIVE Spacecraft Attitude and Trajectory Control, Optimization ACTIVE Aerospace Instrumentation and Measurements ACTIVE Combustion and Propulsion ACTIVE Combustion in Turbomachines, Combustion Control ACTIVE Combustion in Rocket Engines, Propellant Thermo-chemistry ACTIVE Propulsions (Gas-turbines, Rockets, Advanced) ACTIVE Design and Manufacturing ACTIVE Optimal Design of Structural Components ACTIVE Design Criteria (stiffness, strength, buckling, etc.) ACTIVE Metallic Materials, Composites, Smart Materials ACTIVE Prototyping, Concurrent Engineering ACTIVE Aircraft System Design and Integration ACTIVE Bio Engineering ACTIVE Biomedical ACTIVE Biomechanics, Rehabilitation, Prosthetics ACTIVE Cardiovascular System Simulation and Modeling ACTIVE Cellular System Simulation and Modeling ACTIVE Neural System Simulation and Modeling ACTIVE Cellular, Molecular, Tissue Engineering ACTIVE Gene Therapy ACTIVE Biotechnology ACTIVE Biomaterials ACTIVE Biomedical Imaging ACTIVE Bio Optics, Lasers, Spectroscopy ACTIVE Bio Instrumentation ACTIVE Bio Sensors ACTIVE Bio MEMS, Electronics and Robotics ACTIVE Bioprocessing ACTIVE Bio Reactors, Fermentation, Enzymes ACTIVE Food, Feed Processing ACTIVE Pharmaceuticals ACTIVE Biomass to Fuel Conversions ACTIVE Bioinformatics ACTIVE Data Analysis and Mgmt, Data Mining, Data Integration ACTIVE Genomics ACTIVE Proteomics ACTIVE Genetic Algorithms ACTIVE Environmental ACTIVE Air Quality Management ACTIVE Soil Resources Management, Erosion Control ACTIVE Water Resources Management ACTIVE Waste Treatment ACTIVE Toxic Waste Remediation, Pollution Control ACTIVE Chemical Engineering ACTIVE Basics ACTIVE Thermodynamics, Statistical Mechanics ACTIVE Fluid Mechanics ACTIVE Computational Tools in Chemical Engineering ACTIVE Transport Processes ACTIVE Energy and Heat Transfers, Conduction, Convection, Radiation ACTIVE Mass and Momentum Transfers, Diffusion, Convective ACTIVE Kinetics and Equilibriums, Conservation, Energy Balance ACTIVE Flows (Solid, Laminar, Turbulent, etc.) ACTIVE Rheology ACTIVE Process Chemistry and Technology ACTIVE Computer-aided Process Design, Control and Operations ACTIVE Process Optimization, Cost Reduction, Quality Control ACTIVE Reactors, Digesters, Columns, Scrubbers, Fluidized Beds ACTIVE Hydrocarbon Processing, Refinery Process ACTIVE Instrumentation and Control ACTIVE Catalysis and Reaction ACTIVE Catalyst Characterization, Optimal Size/Geometry/Distribution ACTIVE Chemical Kinetics, Reaction Pathways ACTIVE Catalytic Reactions and Combustion, Deactivation ACTIVE Ceramic and Composite Materials ACTIVE Oxidation, Hydrogenation, Polymerization ACTIVE Particle Technology ACTIVE Particle Characterization, Particle Modification ACTIVE Particle Separation, Filtration, Mixing ACTIVE Particulates (Aerosols, Powders, Pastes, Emulsions, etc.) ACTIVE Civil Engineering ACTIVE Architectural and Building Engineering ACTIVE Building Architecture ACTIVE Intelligent Buildings, Sustainable Buildings ACTIVE Building Code, Building Design, Building Technology ACTIVE Facilities Management ACTIVE Construction Engineering and Management ACTIVE Construction Materials, Construction Technology ACTIVE Construction Management, Construction Safety, Quality Control ACTIVE Cost Estimation, Risk Analysis ACTIVE Geotechnical Engineering ACTIVE Engineering Geology ACTIVE Foundation Engineering ACTIVE Rock Engineering, Slope Engineering ACTIVE Soil Mechanics, Soil Dynamics ACTIVE Earthquake Engineering, Disaster Assessment and Mgmt ACTIVE Hydraulic Engineering and Infrastructure ACTIVE Hydraulics, Hydrology ACTIVE Lakes, Reservoirs, Canals, Wetlands ACTIVE Dam Engineering, Hydropower, Irrigation ACTIVE Hydraulic Structures ACTIVE Structural Engineering and Materials ACTIVE Computational Analysis ACTIVE Structural Mechanics And Dynamics, Structural Failures ACTIVE Structure Design And Maintenance ACTIVE Steel Structures, Concrete Structures ACTIVE Surveying ACTIVE Engineering Surveying ACTIVE GIS, GPS ACTIVE Remote Sensing ACTIVE Transportation Engineering and Infrastructure ACTIVE Airport, Highway and Railway Engineering ACTIVE Subway and Tunnel Engineering ACTIVE Intelligent Transportation, Smart Highway ACTIVE Transmission Lines, Gas Pipelines ACTIVE Computational Methods ACTIVE Calculus ACTIVE Single Variable Calculus ACTIVE Several Variables (Partial Derivatives, Multiple Integrals, etc.) ACTIVE Line and Surface Integrals, Stokes ACTIVE Series, Orthogonal Functions ACTIVE Tensors, Calculus of Variations, Operational Calculus ACTIVE Numerical Methods ACTIVE Root Finding, Interpolation, Function Approximation ACTIVE Numerical Integration, Numerical Differentiation ACTIVE Solving ODEs (Euler, BVP, Runge-Kutta, etc.) ACTIVE Solving PDEs (Finite Element, Boundary Element etc.) ACTIVE Linear Systems, Vectors, Matrices, Eigenvalues ACTIVE Linear/Nonlinear Programming ACTIVE Linear Algebra, Vector Spaces ACTIVE Linear (Simplex, Dual Simplex, Dynamic, Integer, etc.) ACTIVE Unconstrained (Line Search, Quasi-Newton, Steepest Descent, etc) ACTIVE Non-Linear (Sequential Quadratic, Reduced Gradient, etc) ACTIVE Mathematical Theories ACTIVE Set Theory, Number Theory ACTIVE Sampling Theory, Coding Theory, Queuing Theory ACTIVE Graph Theory ACTIVE Game Theory ACTIVE Statistical Methods ACTIVE Statistical Sampling ACTIVE Descriptive, Statistical Inferencing, Analysis of Variance ACTIVE Probabilistic, Bayesian, Markov, Stochastic ACTIVE Multivariate Data Analysis, Econometric, Regression ACTIVE Statistical Quality Control, Process Control ACTIVE Electrical Engineering ACTIVE Circuit Theory ACTIVE Basic Circuit Theory ACTIVE Circuit Simulation and Analysis ACTIVE Circuit Synthesis and Design ACTIVE Amplifiers, Filters ACTIVE Advanced Circuit Theory ACTIVE Communications ACTIVE Coding and Information Theory ACTIVE Signal Processing and Analysis ACTIVE Telephony, Advanced Telephony (Cable, VOIP) ACTIVE Wireless (Microwave, Satellite, Radio) ACTIVE Wireless (Portable and Mobile Radio Systems) ACTIVE Broadband Communication, Networking, Switching and Routing ACTIVE Radio and Television Engineering ACTIVE Computer Engineering ACTIVE Boolean Algebra, Digital Logic, Computation Theory ACTIVE Computer Architectures (Parallel, Distributed, etc.) ACTIVE Fault-Tolerant, Re-configurable Systems ACTIVE CAD Design, VLSI, FPGA, Embedded Systems ACTIVE Computer Vision, Image and Signal Processing ACTIVE Operating Systems, Databases, Algorithms, etc. ACTIVE Computer Networking, LAN, WAN, Mobile, Client Server Computing ACTIVE Internet Applications, Routing, QoS, Security ACTIVE Software Engineering, Embedded System Design, Object-oriented Modeling, etc. ACTIVE Controls and Systems ACTIVE Basic Controls (Feedback, Frequency Response, Stability, etc.) ACTIVE Linear, Nonlinear, Multivariable Controls ACTIVE Optimal, Adaptive, Robust Control ACTIVE State-Space Methods, Estimation and Identification ACTIVE Modeling and Simulation ACTIVE Digital Control, Fuzzy Logic Control ACTIVE Robotics, Servomechanisms ACTIVE Devices, Materials and Fabrication ACTIVE Dielectric Materials and Devices ACTIVE Optical, Optoelectronic Materials and Devices ACTIVE Magnetic Materials and Devices ACTIVE Semiconductor Materials and Devices ACTIVE Superconducting Materials and Devices ACTIVE Lasers and Masers ACTIVE VLSI and Nanotechnology ACTIVE Electronic Packaging ACTIVE Electromagnetics ACTIVE Electromagnetic Waves and Propagation Theory ACTIVE Computational Electromagnetics ACTIVE Electrostatics, Electrodynamics, Plasma Physics ACTIVE Fiber Optics, Photonics and Optical Image Processing ACTIVE Time Domain Analysis, RF Measurement ACTIVE Antennas and Arrays ACTIVE Electronics ACTIVE Quantum Electronics Theory ACTIVE Basic Electronics (Passive/Active Devices, Circuits, etc.) ACTIVE Linear Circuits (Op-Amp based Systems), Analog Design ACTIVE Audio, Video, RF and Microwave Electronics ACTIVE Integrated Circuits, Microelectronics ACTIVE Digital Electronics, VHDL Design ACTIVE Power Electronics, Drive Electronics ACTIVE Nanotechnology, Opto-electronics ACTIVE Mechatronics, Robotics ACTIVE Energy and Power Systems ACTIVE New and Renewable Energy Resources ACTIVE Direct Energy Conversion and Storage ACTIVE Power Generation ACTIVE Transmission and Distribution ACTIVE Substations, Switchgear, Transformers ACTIVE Power Systems Protection, Relaying and Protection Devices ACTIVE Power Systems Operation and Control ACTIVE Power Systems Analysis and Computing ACTIVE Power Systems Planning, Load Forecasting ACTIVE Power Quality, Reliability, Security ACTIVE Instrumentation ACTIVE Measurement Equipment and Instrumentation Systems ACTIVE Sensors and Transducers ACTIVE Measurements (DC, Low-Frequency, High-Frequency) ACTIVE Measurements (Sonics and Ultrasonics) ACTIVE Waveform Measurement and Analysis ACTIVE Instrument/Computer Interfacing ACTIVE Measurement Precision, Sensitivity and Noise ACTIVE Engineering Education ACTIVE Curriculum Development and Implementation ACTIVE Preparation and Strategic Planning, Curriculum Devt Workgroup ACTIVE Assessment, Evaluation and Modernization of Existing Curricula ACTIVE Curricula Design, Combined Research-Curriculum Development ACTIVE Curriculum Standards, Meeting ABET Requirements ACTIVE Implementation, Field Validation, Feedback ACTIVE Instructional Design ACTIVE Needs, Issues, and Strategies in Instructional Design ACTIVE Good Practices in Instructional Design, Standards ACTIVE Prototype Development, Assessment, Evaluation ACTIVE New Methods in Instructional Design for Engineering ACTIVE Technologies/Media in Instructional Design for Engineering ACTIVE Student/Faculty Development ACTIVE Developing Course Preparation and Teaching Skills ACTIVE Developing Listening, Writing and Speaking Skills ACTIVE Developing Studying and Exam-taking Skills ACTIVE Cooperative and Group Learning ACTIVE Information Technologies ACTIVE Web-based Teaching and Learning ACTIVE Video-conferencing, Virtual Classrooms ACTIVE Software Tools for Creating Course Modules and Packages ACTIVE Digital Libraries, Collections, Repositories ACTIVE Continuing Education ACTIVE Developing Continuing Education Programs in Engineering ACTIVE Technologies for Continuing Education in Engineering ACTIVE Lifelong Learning for Practicing Engineers and Technologists ACTIVE Global Issues ACTIVE Attaining Excellence in Engineering Education ACTIVE Women and Minorities in Engineering ACTIVE Engineering Education for the Global Arena ACTIVE Environmental Engineering ACTIVE Hydrology and Water Resources ACTIVE Water Quality Management ACTIVE Ground Water Modeling and Assessment ACTIVE Stream and River Ecology, Protection and Management ACTIVE Marine and Oceanic Ecology, Protection and Management ACTIVE Atmospheric Resources Management ACTIVE Air Quality Modeling and Management ACTIVE Standards and Regulations, Clean Air Act Standards ACTIVE Emissions Control Methods and Technologies ACTIVE Transport and Dispersion of Airborne Pollutants ACTIVE Meteorological and Climatic Effects ACTIVE Land Resources Management ACTIVE Land Use, Zoning, Sustainable Development ACTIVE Integrated Soil and Water Conservation ACTIVE Wilderness, Wildlife Monitoring and Preservation ACTIVE Land Reclamation, Cleanup of Mining and Industrial Sites ACTIVE Waste Management ACTIVE Solid Waste Disposal and Sewage Treatment, Bioremediation ACTIVE Commercial, Industrial Waste Management ACTIVE Material Recovery and Recycling ACTIVE Toxic and Hazardous Waste Handling and Treatment ACTIVE The Built Environment ACTIVE Environmentally Safe Building Materials ACTIVE Production and Use of Energy in the Built Environment ACTIVE Impact of the Built Environment on Climate and Ecology ACTIVE Sustainable Development of the Built Environment ACTIVE Environmental Planning and Management ACTIVE Modeling Resources and Environmental Systems ACTIVE Environmental Impact Analysis ACTIVE Environmental Risk Assessment ACTIVE Bio-monitoring, Remote Sensing and GIS in Resource Management ACTIVE Industrial and Systems Engineering ACTIVE Optimization and Operations Research ACTIVE Linear, Non-linear Programming, Computational Methods ACTIVE Robust, Stochastic, Combinatorial Optimization ACTIVE Operations Research, Sequencing and Scheduling ACTIVE Transportation Logistics, Dynamic Assignment ACTIVE Manufacturing Processes and Systems ACTIVE Industrial Control Systems, Computer Integrated Manufacturing ACTIVE Automation, Numerical Control, Robotic-based ACTIVE Material Handling, Supply Chain Management, Inventory Control ACTIVE Flexible Manufacturing, Just-in-time Manufacturing ACTIVE Quality Control, Product Testing ACTIVE Manufacturing Standards, Best Practices in Manufacturing ACTIVE Performance Improvement ACTIVE Advanced Management and Administration Systems ACTIVE Process Re-engineering, Flowcharting, Rerouting ACTIVE Life-cycle Cost Analysis, Replacement Analysis ACTIVE Analysis and Management of Risk and Uncertainty ACTIVE Decision Making, Decision Analysis ACTIVE Performance Measurement and Benchmarking ACTIVE Data Mining and Analysis ACTIVE Human Factors ACTIVE Ergonomics in the Workplace and Vehicles ACTIVE Auditory and Visual Systems, Sensory-based Systems ACTIVE Human-computer Interfaces, Cognitive Systems ACTIVE Displays and Controls, Information Management ACTIVE Risk and Safety Analysis ACTIVE Materials Science and Engineering ACTIVE Materials ACTIVE Bio-materials, Bio-sensors ACTIVE Plastics, Polymers, Copolymers, Electro-active Polymers ACTIVE Metals, Alloys, Magnetic Materials ACTIVE Semiconductor Materials, Single-crystals, Amorphous and Thin Films ACTIVE Superconductor Materials ACTIVE Nano-structured Materials ACTIVE Physics/Chemistry of Materials ACTIVE Semiconductor Physics ACTIVE Chemical Characterization and Identification, Crystallography ACTIVE Phase Transitions, Phase Equilibria, Reaction Kinetics ACTIVE Surface Physics and Chemistry, Structural Chemistry ACTIVE Structures ACTIVE Fuselages, Aircraft and Vehicle Components, etc. ACTIVE Turbines Blades, Rotating Shafts ACTIVE Pressure Vessels, Pipes ACTIVE Beams, Circular Plates ACTIVE Mechanical/Physical Properties ACTIVE Corrosion, Deterioration ACTIVE Fractures, Crack Propagation ACTIVE Electrical/Magnetic Effects ACTIVE Manufacturing and Processing ACTIVE Polymer Processing (Extrusion, Injection Molding, Blowing, etc) ACTIVE Metallurgical Processing (Casting, Alloys, Steel, etc.) ACTIVE Micro-machining and Lithography, Nano-fabrication ACTIVE Rapid Prototyping ACTIVE Advanced Instrumentation ACTIVE Electron Microscopy (Transmission, Scanning, Tunneling, etc) ACTIVE Spectroscopy (Raman, Absorption, Reflection, etc.) ACTIVE X-ray Microscopy, Fluorescence, Diffraction, Synchrotron ACTIVE Laser-based Instrumentation ACTIVE Mechanical Engineering ACTIVE Acoustics ACTIVE Applied Acoustics ACTIVE Acoustic Transducers ACTIVE Biomechanics ACTIVE Cardiovascular Biomechanics ACTIVE Orthopedic and Injury Biomechanics, Prosthetics ACTIVE Control Theory ACTIVE Basic Control Theory ACTIVE Linear/Nonlinear/Multivariable Control ACTIVE Optimal/Adaptive/Robust Control ACTIVE Design and Manufacturing ACTIVE CAD/CAE/CAM, Computer Aided Machine Design ACTIVE Engineering Graphics and Visualization ACTIVE Rapid Prototyping ACTIVE Fluid Mechanics ACTIVE Computational/Experimental Fluid Mechanics, Fluid Flow ACTIVE Aerodynamics, Turbulence ACTIVE Combustion ACTIVE Materials ACTIVE Mechanics of Materials ACTIVE Composites, Polymer Structures ACTIVE Fatigue of Materials and Structures, Failure Analysis ACTIVE Materials Selection ACTIVE Robotics ACTIVE Robotics, Servomechanisms ACTIVE Mechatronics, Micro Electromechanical Systems (MEMs) ACTIVE Prime-Mover System Control ACTIVE Sensor Technology and Measurement Techniques ACTIVE Process Dynamics and Control, PLC ACTIVE Solid Mechanics ACTIVE Dynamics of Rigid Bodies, Rotor Dynamics ACTIVE Kinematics and Dynamics of Linkages ACTIVE Structural Vibrations ACTIVE Tribology (Friction, Wear And Lubrication) ACTIVE Thermodynamics ACTIVE General Thermodynamic Laws ACTIVE Computational, Statistical Thermodynamics ACTIVE Non-equilibrium Thermodynamics, Heat Transfer ACTIVE Thermodynamic Cycles, Heat Engines ACTIVE Turbomachinery and Propulsion ACTIVE Principles of Turbomachinery, General Machine Dynamics ACTIVE Thermodynamics and Fluid Mechanics of Turbomachinery ACTIVE Vibration and Flow Analysis ACTIVE Propulsion Technologies ACTIVE Mining Engineering ACTIVE Rock Mechanics ACTIVE Rock Mass Classification, Rock Mass Strength ACTIVE Rock Stress Measurement and Analysis ACTIVE Characterization of Rock Fractures and Discontinuities ACTIVE Stability of Slopes, Stockpiles, Tunnels, Caverns, Quarries etc. ACTIVE Rock Fragmentation ACTIVE Rock Fragmentation, Structures, Discontinuities ACTIVE Non-Explosive Methods of Fragmentation ACTIVE Blasting Methods and Practices, Detonation Physics ACTIVE Optimized Drilling and Blasting ACTIVE Geophysical, Geological Analysis for Drilling and Blasting ACTIVE Mineral Processing ACTIVE Ore Crushing, Grinding and Milling ACTIVE Flotation, Leaching, Filtration, Flocculation, Washing ACTIVE Solution Extraction Methods, Electrowinning ACTIVE Pyro-metallurgy, Smelting ACTIVE Mine Design and Economics ACTIVE Geo-statistics, Probabilistic Risk and Uncertainty Analysis ACTIVE Ore Body Modeling, Ore Reserve Estimation, Spatial Analysis ACTIVE Mineral Economics, Scoping to Feasibility Studies, Market Study ACTIVE Mine Design and Optimization, Computer-assisted Design ACTIVE Facilities Design and Placement ACTIVE Mine Management and Operation ACTIVE Project Planning and Scheduling, Operations Research ACTIVE Budgeting and Financial Management ACTIVE Human Resources Management, Asset and Equipment Management ACTIVE Total Quality Management, Statistical Process Control ACTIVE Mine Management Information Systems, Software, Hardware ACTIVE Mining Automation, Tele-remote Mining, Robotics ACTIVE State and Federal Mine Regulations, Public Relations ACTIVE Environmental Impacts Mitigation ACTIVE Environmental Assessment, Impact Analysis of Mining Projects ACTIVE Reclamation of Old Strip Mines, Open Pit Mines, Stockpiles, etc. ACTIVE Mine Backfill Methods and Technologies ACTIVE Collection and Disposal of Mine Tailings and Runoffs ACTIVE Acid and Toxic Wastes Drainage and Remediation ACTIVE Protection of Groundwater, Stream, Air and Soil Resources ACTIVE Mine Health and Safety ACTIVE Mine Ventilation, Aeration ACTIVE Mine Roof Stability Assessment ACTIVE Safe Operation and Use of Mine Equipment and Vehicles, Explosives ACTIVE Human Health Risk Assessment, Underground Hazards Identification ACTIVE Safety Training, Safety Management, Emergency Preparedness ACTIVE Professional Development ACTIVE Engineering Mgmt ACTIVE Project Mgmt, Scheduling, Time Mgmt, Logistics ACTIVE Financial Mgmt, Cost-Benefit Analysis, Cash Flow, Marketing ACTIVE Resource Assessment and Allocation, Cost Estimation ACTIVE Decision Making, Risk/Uncertainty Mgmt ACTIVE Impact Analysis (Social, Financial, Environmental, etc.) ACTIVE Business Ethics ACTIVE Research and Development ACTIVE Project Mgmt, Time Mgmt, Logistics ACTIVE Small Business Innovation and Research ACTIVE Technology Transfer, Business/Academia Collaborations ACTIVE Technology Roadmapping, Technology Strategy and Planning ACTIVE Documenting and Record Keeping, Publishing ACTIVE Intellectual Property, Copyrights, Patents ACTIVE Research Ethics ACTIVE Standards and Codes Development ACTIVE Career and Personal Development ACTIVE Preparing Resumes, Job Search, Job Interview, etc. ACTIVE Report Writing, Oral Presentation, etc. ACTIVE Chairing Meetings, Workshops, Negotiations, etc. ACTIVE Motivating, Consensus Building, Delegating, etc. ACTIVE Developing Business and Entrepreneurship Skills ACTIVE General Topics ACTIVE Internet/Computer Skills ACTIVE Communicating (Email, Video-conferencing, Instant Messaging) ACTIVE Utilizing the Internet (Information Search, E-Commerce, etc.) ACTIVE Developing Web Presence (Personal, Project, Business, etc.) ACTIVE Creating Posters, Graphics and Multimedia Presentations ACTIVE Setting Up Hardware (Routers, LANs, Servers, Workstations, etc.) ACTIVE Global Readiness ACTIVE Mobility, Communication, Collaboration Issues ACTIVE Globalization Issues, Competitiveness, Strategic Partnerships ACTIVE International Business Practices, Labor and Marketplace Laws ACTIVE International Engineering and Technology Codes and Standards ACTIVE Recognizing Cultural Diversity, Sensitivities and Customs ACTIVE Information and Communication Technologies ACTIVE Internet Technologies ACTIVE Broadband Technologies (XDSL, Cable, Ethernet, etc.) ACTIVE Network Designs (Local, Campus, Wide Area Networks, etc.) ACTIVE Network Protocols (TCP/IP, SMTP, LDAP, IPv6, SONET, etc.) ACTIVE Netware (Routers, Switches, Access Points, etc.) ACTIVE Security (Firewalls, NIDS, Threats and Vulnerabilities) ACTIVE Next Generation, NG (Protocols, Netwares, 10GE WAN) ACTIVE Communication Technologies ACTIVE Last-mile Wirelines (POTS, ISDN, DSL, CATV, Fiber, etc.) ACTIVE Last-mile Wireless (WLL, VSAT, MMDS, LMDS) ACTIVE Digital Wireless (CDMA, TDMA, PCS, GSM, etc.) ACTIVE Analog Wireless (AMPS, TACS, ETACS, etc.) ACTIVE Powerline-based Communication ACTIVE Web Technologies ACTIVE Markup Languages (HTML, SGML, XML, WML, etc.) ACTIVE Scripting Technologies (ASP, JSP, PHP, etc.) ACTIVE ISP, Web Hosting, Email, SQL-based Web Database ACTIVE Internet (Browsers, Audio and Video Streaming, etc.) ACTIVE Collaborations (Video-conferencing, Whiteboards, etc.) ACTIVE E-Enterprises (E-learning, E-Commerce, E-Work, etc.) ACTIVE Social, Economical and Global Aspects of ICT ACTIVE Digital Divide Issues ACTIVE Role of ICT in Poverty Reduction and Eradication ACTIVE Role of ICT in Rural Development, Education, Health, etc. ACTIVE Role of ICT in Small Business Development ACTIVE